Tag Archives: Joint Pain

Hands-On Care May Help Reduce Hamstring Injuries

8 Sep

Athletic performance depends on more than strength alone. Healthy movement requires
muscles, joints, and the nervous system to work together smoothly. Hamstring injuries are
among the most common in sports, especially those involving running, sprinting, and rapid
changes of direction, such as soccer. Because recovery can take weeks or even months, injury
prevention is an important goal in the sports world.
Research suggests that maintaining good joint mobility and healthy muscle function may
help the body move more efficiently. The hips and knees play a particularly important role
because they generate and absorb force during athletic activities. When movement in these joints
is limited or the muscles become fatigued, the hamstrings may be subjected to greater strain,
increasing the risk of injury.
In a November 2025 study, researchers examined these factors in a group of 66 female
soccer players. They found that athletes who received a single session of manual therapy
combined with neuromuscular exercises experienced improvements in hip and knee range of
motion as well as neuromuscular function—how effectively the brain, nerves, and muscles work
together to control movement. Improvements in these areas are thought to enhance hamstring
resilience and may contribute to a lower risk of injury, though the study did not directly measure
injury rates. While the study focused on soccer players, the findings suggest that optimizing
movement and muscle control may benefit athletes in many sports.
These findings add to a growing body of research suggesting that hands-on care and
targeted exercise may help improve the way the body moves. Better hip and knee mobility can
reduce unnecessary stress on the hamstrings, while improved neuromuscular control may help
muscles respond more effectively during demanding activities. It is important to remember that
no single treatment can prevent every injury. Training load, conditioning, previous injuries,
recovery habits, and many other factors also influence injury risk. Still, addressing movement
limitations may be one valuable component of a comprehensive injury prevention program.
While chiropractic care is most often associated with helping reduce pain and disability
following musculoskeletal injuries, many athletes also use it as part of a broader strategy to
optimize movement and function. In fact, professional teams in nearly every major sports league
include chiropractors as members of their healthcare staff. Many patients also choose to continue
receiving periodic chiropractic care after recovering from an injury so that movement restrictions
and other mechanical issues can be identified and addressed before they contribute to future
problems.

Brent Binder, D.C.

4909 Louise Dr. Suite 102

Mechanicsburg, PA 17055

Shoulder Weakness and Tennis Elbow

20 Aug

Tennis elbow, also known as lateral elbow tendinopathy, is a common condition involving
irritation of the tendons that attach to the outside of the elbow. Despite its name, it affects many people
who have never played tennis. Repetitive gripping, lifting, typing, and tool use can all contribute to the
condition. Traditionally, treatment has focused on the elbow, forearm, and wrist. However, growing
evidence suggests the shoulder may also play an important role.
One reason involves the concept of the kinetic chain. When reaching, lifting, throwing, gripping,
or performing other arm movements, force is transferred through a connected system that includes the
shoulder blade (scapula), shoulder, elbow, wrist, and hand. If the muscles around the shoulder and
shoulder blade are weak, the body may compensate by placing greater demands on the forearm muscles
that attach to the elbow. As a result, the wrist extensor tendons may work harder, increasing stress on
already irritated tissues and reducing opportunities for recovery.
The shoulder blade serves as the foundation for arm movement. Several muscles help stabilize
and control its position, including the lower and middle trapezius, serratus anterior, and rhomboids.
Weakness in these muscles can contribute to poor shoulder positioning and less efficient movement
patterns throughout the arm. When the scapula is more stable, the arm can move more efficiently and less
force may be transferred to the elbow.
The rotator cuff muscles are also important because they help stabilize the shoulder joint during
movement. If these muscles are weak, larger muscles may compensate, making movement less efficient
and potentially increasing stress farther down the arm. Improving rotator cuff strength may help distribute
forces more effectively, reduce excessive gripping, and decrease repetitive loading of the wrist extensor
tendons.
Many people with tennis elbow have reduced grip strength because gripping increases tension on
the irritated tendons. Interestingly, grip strength often improves when shoulder and scapular exercises are
included in rehabilitation programs. Better shoulder function can make the entire arm more mechanically
efficient, reduce protective muscle guarding, and decrease irritation of the painful tendon. Better shoulder
mechanics can reduce tendon stress, improved muscle endurance can distribute workload across the entire
arm, and exercise can enhance motor control and influence how the nervous system processes pain
signals.
Rather than viewing tennis elbow as an isolated elbow condition, many researchers now
recognize the important role that shoulder and scapular function can play in both the development and
persistence of symptoms. A chiropractic evaluation may help identify contributing factors involving the
shoulder, elbow, and surrounding structures. Chiropractors are trained to evaluate musculoskeletal
conditions, recognize findings that may require referral, and provide conservative care when appropriate.
Depending on the individual, treatment may include exercise recommendations, manual therapies, activity
modification, and other conservative approaches designed to improve function and support recovery.

Brent Binder, D.C.

4909 Louise Dr. Suite 102

Mechanicsburg, PA 17055

Joint Pain Is Not Always About “Just Getting Older”

14 Jul

Joint pain is common, especially in the knees, hips, shoulders, hands, neck, and lower back.
While often described as a normal part of aging, joint pain is not always simply about “getting
older.” There are multiple forms of arthritis, with osteoarthritis being the most common diagnosis.
Researchers estimate that approximately 30–40% of middle-aged adults and 50–70% of older adults
have some degree of osteoarthritis.
Osteoarthritis is commonly described as a “wear and tear” condition in which the cartilage
that cushions joints gradually breaks down. Interestingly, normal daily movement is essential for
joint health because cartilage does not have a direct blood supply. Instead, nutrients are delivered to
joint tissues through changes in pressure that occur during movement, helping circulate joint fluid
that nourishes cartilage and supports joint health. When normal joint motion becomes altered—often
due to multiple contributing factors—the integrity of the cartilage tissue can become compromised.
As this process develops, an individual may experience pain, stiffness after periods of rest, swelling,
reduced range of motion, or difficulty with daily activities such as walking, climbing stairs, or
gripping objects.
Some risk factors for osteoarthritis cannot be changed, including aging and genetics;
however, many contributors are considered modifiable and often work in combination to affect joint
health:

  • Repetitive stress from certain occupations, sports, or activities may gradually increase
    stress on joints.
  • Past ligament injuries, fractures, or joint trauma can alter mechanics and increase stress
    on cartilage over time.
  • Additional weight increases pressure on weight-bearing joints such as the knees, hips,
    and lower back.
  • Weak muscles provide less support and stability for joints, potentially increasing strain
    during movement.
  • Poor alignment or biomechanical imbalances may place uneven stress on specific areas of
    a joint.
  • Conditions such as diabetes, chronic low-grade inflammation, or metabolic syndrome
    may contribute to cartilage breakdown and joint irritation.
    Because many of the factors that contribute to osteoarthritis involve joint mechanics,
    movement patterns, and physical stress on the body, treatment is often focused on restoring normal
    joint motion and improving function. Chiropractors commonly address these factors as part of a
    multimodal treatment approach that may include manual therapies, specific exercises, modalities, and
    patient education. When combined with healthy lifestyle habits, these approaches may help many
    individuals remain more active and functional despite joint changes.

Brent Binder, D.C.

4909 Louise Dr.

Suite 102 Mechanicsburg, PA 17055

The Importance of the Scapula

11 Jun

The shoulder is not a single joint. It’s a complex structure made up of four joints that
must work together to allow the wide range of motion needed for everyday arm movements.
While the glenohumeral (ball-and-socket) joint often gets the most attention when assessing
the shoulder, the scapula—or shoulder blade—is frequently overlooked despite its important
role in shoulder movement and stability. Let’s look at some of its key functions:

  • Stable Base for Muscle Activation: The scapula provides a stable platform for the
    rotator cuff and surrounding shoulder muscles to function properly. This stability is
    essential for coordinated movement, efficient force production, and safe load transfer
    during arm activity.
  • Scapulohumeral Rhythm and Joint Positioning: As the arm lifts, the scapula moves in
    coordination with the humerus to maintain proper alignment between the ball and
    socket. This coordinated motion—called scapulohumeral rhythm—includes upward
    rotation, posterior tilt, and external rotation. These movements help preserve space in
    the shoulder joint, reduce the risk of impingement, and allow for smooth, full-range
    motion.
  • Kinetic Chain Function: The scapula acts as a link between the shoulder, neck, and
    trunk, helping transfer force from the core and lower body to the arm. This role is
    especially important during activities that require strength, coordination, or overhead
    motion.
  • Glenohumeral Stability: The scapula must strike a balance between mobility and
    stability. It needs to move freely to position the socket correctly while also providing
    a firm base that allows the shoulder joint to remain stable during movement. This
    balance is critical for preventing injury and maintaining normal shoulder function.
    Research shows that improving scapular muscle endurance and correcting abnormal
    scapular positioning—both at rest and during movement—through manual therapy and
    targeted exercises can lead to better outcomes in patients with shoulder pain, including
    impingement. Additionally, studies have linked poor scapular alignment with an increased
    risk of chronic neck pain as well as greater pain intensity and disability. For this reason,
    doctors of chiropractic often evaluate the scapula when assessing patients with shoulder or
    neck pain.

Brent Binder, D.C.

4909 Louise Dr. Suite 102

Mechanicsburg, PA 17055 (717) 697-1888

Causes of Knee Pain in Kids

11 May

Knee pain accounts for at least one-third of musculoskeletal complaints in the pediatric
population seen in healthcare clinics, including chiropractic offices. This is especially common
in active children during the growth spurts of early adolescence. Let’s review some of the most
common causes of knee pain in kids and teens and how they are typically managed.
Patellofemoral pain syndrome, or kneecap pain, is the most common cause of knee pain
in children and adolescents. Pain typically arises from behind the patella and worsens with
activities involving knee flexion, such as climbing stairs, squatting, or prolonged sitting. On
examination, pain may be reproduced with a single-leg squat, often with inward knee collapse.
Treatment includes both weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing exercises targeting the posterior
hip and quadriceps. Manual therapy and movement retraining may be used to restore normal
joint mechanics. Treatment may include a foot orthotic if excessive ankle pronation is
contributing to pain.
Osgood-Schlatter disease (OSD) is inflammation of the growth plate at the tibial tubercle
just below the kneecap, often producing a prominent bump that can irritate the patellar tendon
during running, jumping, squatting, and kneeling. Treatment typically includes patient education,
activity modification, exercise therapy, and use of an infrapatellar strap. Sinding-LarsenJohansson syndrome is similar to OSD but involves the bottom of the patella rather than the
tibial tubercle. Management follows a similar approach.
Patellar tendinopathy, or jumper’s knee, results from cumulative microtears due to
repetitive jumping, landing, and sprinting. Management includes reducing high-load activities
(while avoiding complete rest), gradually reloading the tendon as symptoms improve, and
performing strengthening and flexibility exercises for the quadriceps and hamstrings. Manual
therapy and biomechanical corrections may also help improve loading patterns.

In cases such as juvenile idiopathic arthritis, chiropractors may work in coordination with
the child’s medical physician or rheumatologist to provide supportive care—such as gentle
manual therapy and soft tissue techniques—to improve mobility and reduce muscle tension.
The good news is these conditions generally respond well to conservative management,
helping most children return to their normal activities without the need for invasive treatment.

Brent Binder, D.C.

4909 Louise Dr. Suite 102

Mechanicsburg, PA 17055 (717) 697-1888

Hip Pain Characteristics That Can Inform Diagnosis

9 Apr

The hip is a ball-and-socket joint in which the femoral head meets the pelvis, supported by
several layers of cartilage and other soft tissues that allow for a wide range of motion. While this
design provides mobility, it also creates multiple opportunities for instability and irritation that can
result in what is generally referred to as hip pain. However, there are many potential causes of hip
pain, and the specific characteristics of a patient’s symptoms can help guide the healthcare
provider—such as a doctor of chiropractic—on what to evaluate during the physical examination.
Anterior (front) hip pain may suggest osteoarthritis, particularly in middle-aged and older
individuals with gradual symptom onset and pain that increases after prolonged sitting or walking. In
contrast, younger and more athletic adults who present with groin pain that worsens during hip
flexion and rotation may have femoroacetabular impingement or a labral tear. Sport collisions or
other forms of trauma can also result in hip flexor muscle strains that produce pain in the front of the
hip.
Lateral (side) hip pain is often associated with greater trochanteric pain syndrome, especially
in middle-aged women who report discomfort when lying on the affected side. In many cases, there
is no clear inciting injury, and the area may be painful or tender when touched or palpated.
Posterior (back) hip pain is less commonly due to a primary hip joint condition and is more
often referred from another structure. Potential sources include the lumbar spine, sacroiliac joint
dysfunction, deep gluteal syndrome (also known as piriformis syndrome), or strain or tendinopathy at
the proximal hamstring attachment.
Certain red-flag conditions require urgent referral to an emergency department or specialist.
These include femoral neck fracture—typically in older adults with osteoporosis or after a fall or
trauma—often presenting with inability to bear weight and a shortened, externally rotated leg; septic
arthritis, which may involve fever, severe joint pain with movement, and elevated inflammatory
markers on blood or joint fluid testing; and avascular necrosis, in which interruption of blood supply
to the femoral head causes bone tissue death, potentially leading to joint collapse, chronic pain, and
limited mobility (often requiring MRI for diagnosis).
The good news is that many causes of hip pain, aside from these red-flag conditions, respond
well to conservative chiropractic care. Treatment is often multimodal and may include a combination
of manual therapies such as manipulation, mobilization, and soft-tissue techniques; therapeutic
exercises and stretching; temporary activity modification followed by gradual return to normal
activities; physiotherapy modalities to support healing; and nutritional recommendations aimed at
reducing inflammation. If dysfunction in an adjacent area, such as the low back or knee, is
contributing to the hip condition, these regions may also need to be addressed to achieve the best
outcome

Brent Binder, D.C.

4909 Louise Dr. Suite 102

Mechanicsburg, PA 17055 (717) 697-1888